Although they are readily collected and there is an abundance of material in collections, there is limited information on their systematic relationships, biodiversity, and evolutionary relationships with their hosts. The family exhibits an interesting distribution with the largest genus Gasteruption found across all biogeographical regions. The smaller genera are all restricted to specific regions (e.g. Pseudofoenus is restricted to a Gondwanan distribution, Spinolafoenus is only found in the Neotropical region).
There has been no strong consensus for the phylogenetic relationships or biogeography of the family, with only two studies including more than singleton taxa in large-scale family-level studies. We used Ultraconserved Elements (UCE) from freshly collected and museum preserved material to infer phylogenetic relationships, estimate divergence dates and test biogeography boundaries for the family across the world. Our dataset recovered the most robust phylogeny for the family to date with almost unanimous support across the tree confirming the monophyly of the genera Gasteruption, Hyptiogaster and Pseudofoenus. We were also able to estimate the divergence age of the family during the Paleocene, coinciding with the divergence of their hosts but revealing a complex and confusing biogeographical history within this family.
(200 metres E of Marion Rd, and 300 metres N of Anzac Highway).
Bus from the city via Anzac Highway. Routes: 245, 248, 262, 263, 265, M44, N262.
Closest stop is Stop 9, then approximately 350 metre walk along Long Street.
Bus from the city via Marion Road. Routes 100, 101, H20.
Closest stop is Stop 10 (east side is approximately 100 metres south of Long street). Stop 10 (west side is on the other side of Moringie Ave. approx. 100 metres north of Long Street). Then approx.250 metre walk along Long Street.
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